Learn tamil prepositions through English

Prepositions are used in almost every sentences. They are a great tool to link words with each other. As shown on the image, there are many prepositions to expand the conversation scope. If you learn these words, it would be easy for you to learn the grammar. Preposition describes a relationship between words in a sentence. For example: There is a ball under the table. Here the preposition is "under". I have listed few examples that you might have come across or use very often.

English sentences	Tamil sentences
Book is on the table	putthagam mejai mael ullathu
There is a ball in the bag	Paiyil oru pandhu ullathu
The train starts at midnight	pugaivandi nalliruval poripaddum
I attend the school for 10 days	naan pathu naatkal pallikoodam sendraen
Drink milk before sleeping	Urangdum mun paal kudi
I want to study	Naan padika vaendum
she came out of the house	aval vettai vittu veliyay vandhaal
I came by bus	Naan perunthil vandaen
go into room	araiyil sellavum
I come from Tamilnadu	Naan tamilnaduvil irunthu varukiraen
I'll come before 5 o' clock	Naan anja(5) manikku munn varuvaen
The cat jumped over the gate	Poonai vaayilkadavin mael kudhidathu
The train went through the tunnel	pugaivandi surangappaatai vazhiyaaka sendrathu
I took the umbrella as it was raining	mazhai paidhu kondirundhadhaal naan kudaiyay eduthu sendraen

Next Lesson 31: Tamil exclamation sentences"

Tamil conversations in a vegetable stall

Examples of common conversations at a Vegetable stall is given below to help you to understand and communicate/ask questions about the purchase.

English sentences	Tamil sentences
How much for the Apples?	Apples enna villai?
don't you sell in kgs?	Kilo kannakil neengal virpadhillaiya?
Give me 1 plastic bag	ennaku oru plastic pai kodukkavum
I missed my Bag	En pai Thulainthuvittathu.
I don't want a plastic bag	ennakku plastic pai vendaam
I have a bag with me	enkita pai irukka
Give me 2 kgs	ennaku irundu kilo kodukakavum
I want a kilo of tomato	ennaku oru kilo takkali vendum
Are the vegetables fresh?	Kaigarikal ellam pudiyaatha?
How much is it?	Ithu Evvalavu?
Weigh it properly	sariyaaga aelai podavum
I don't have change	ennidam chillarai illai
Vegetables are in the basket	Koodai yil kaaikarikal ullana
I will enquire rates with other shops	naan mattrai kadaigal villaiyaiy patri visaaripaen

Next Lesson 30: Learn Tamil Prepositions

Tamil sentences using "don't"

A negative sentence is a sentence that states that something is false. In English, we create negative sentences by adding the word 'not' after the auxiliary, or helping, verb. Here are the negative auxiliary verbs in Tamil that uses "don't" auxiliary in the conversation. In Tamil "illai" means "no" or "don't". Practice these examples to learn how to use them in the sentence flow.

English sentences	Tamil sentences
I have no money	enakku panam illai
he did not come	avan varavillai
will you come or not?	varukiyaya illaiya
no matter what	innatenyillai
never	orukalumillai
nothing	onyumillai
not at all	illave yillai
I don’t want	yenakku vaenaam, viruppam illai
I don't understand	enakku puriyala
I don't know	Enakku theriyaathu
I have no idea	Enakku theriyala
Don't worry	kavalai padaathey
No problem	Onnum prachanai illai
I don’t want to touch	yenakku thoduvatharkku virumppam illai
I don’t want to turn	yenakku thirumbuvatharkku viruppam illai
I don’t want to write	yenakku yeluthuvatharkku viruppam illai
Don’t want to show	yenakku kaattuvatharkku virumbavillai
He doesn’t want to speak	avan paesuvatharkku virumbavillai
He doesn’t want to stand	avan nirppatharkku virumbavillai
I don’t want to touch	yenakku thoduvtharkku viruppam illai
He doesn’t like over eating	avan athiagm sappiduvathai virumbavillai
He doesn’t like pretending	avan nadippathai virumba villai
She does’t like tailoring	aval thaiyalai virumbavillai

Next Lesson 29: Tamil conversation in a Vegetable Stall

Tamil questions through English using "why"

List of common Tamil questions through English using "why".

English sentences	Tamil sentences
Why didn’t you do it?	Yaen nee seiya villai?
Why does he climb up the wall?	Yaen avan sevuru mayla yaerraan.
Why don't you talk?	Nee yaen paysa mattra?
Why go early?	Yaen seekkiram pokiraai?
Why are you silent?	Yaen amaithiyaa irukke?
Why, are you proud of yourself?	Yenna, unnai paththi thimiraa?
Why do you break?	Nee yaen udaikkiraai?
Why do you clap hands?	Nee yaen kai thattukiraai?
Why do you cry?	Nee yaen alukiraai?
Why do you draw?	Nee yaen varaikiraai?
Why do you drive your elder brother’s bike?	Nee yaen un annan vandiyai Ottukiraai?
Why do you eat late?	Nee yaen naeram kaliththu saappidukiraai?
Why do you fall?	Nee yaen vilukiraai?
Why do you donate?	Nee yaen kodukkiraai?
Why do you skip lunch?	Nee yaen maththiya unavai thavir kiraai?
Why do you hit?	Nee yaen yidikkiraai?
Why do you laugh?	Nee yaen sirikkiraai?
Why do you expose?	Nee yaen velikaattu kiraai?
Why do you play?	Nee yaen vilaiyaadukiraai?
Why do you rush?	Nee yaen munthu kiraai?
Why do you scold?	Nee yaen thittukiraai?
Why do you search?	Nee yaen thaedukiraai?
Why do you meet?	Nee yaen santhik kiraai?
Why do you store?	Nee yaen saemik kiraai?
Why do you throw?	Nee yaen veesukiraai?
Why do you watch?	Nee yaen kavanikkiraai?
Why do you consult?	Nee yaen kalanthu alosik kiraai?
Why do you go out?	Nee yaen veliyae pokiraai?
Why do you keep?	Nee yaen vaiththuk kolkiraaai?
Why do you supply?	Nee yaen viniyogik kiraai?
Why did he search?	Avan yaen thaedinaan?
Why did he look out?	Avan yaen veliyeh paarththaan?
Why did he scold?	Avan yaen thittuki raan?
Why did he pour down the coffee?	Avan yaen coffee yai keelay kottinaan?
Why did he break the sticks?	Avan yaen kuchikalai udaiththaaan?
Why did he jump?	Avan yaen kuthiththaan?
Why did he sing?	Avan yaen paadinaan?
Why did he throw his exercise note books?	Avan yaen payirchi buththagngkalai veesuki raan?
Why did he open his bag?	Avan yaen avan paiyi thiranthaan?
Why did he play guitar everyday?	Avan yaen thinamum guitar vilaiyaaduki raan?
Why does he fall?	Avan yaen viluki raan?
Why does he see?	Avan yaen paarkki raan?
Why does she sing?	Aval yaen paaduki raal?
Why does she throw?	Aval yaen veesuki raal?
Why does she open?	Aval yaen thirakki raal?
Why does she play?	Aval yaen vilaiyaaduki raal?
Why does she eat?	Aval yaen saappiduki raal?
Why does she draw?	Aval yaen varaiki raal?
Why does she drive?	Aval yaen Ottuki raal?
Why does she cry?	Aval yaen aluki raal?
Why does she laugh?	Aval yaen sirikki raal?
Why does she knock?	Aval yaen yidikki raal?
Why does she watch?	Aval yaen kavanikki raal?
Why does she drink?	Aval yaen kudikki raal?
Why does she tell?	Aval yaen solki raal?
Why does she ask?	Aval yaen kaetkiraal?
Why does she carry?	Aval yaen thookku ki raal?

Next Lesson 28: Tamil sentences using "don't"

General tamil questions through English

Few more examples of short Tamil sentences through English that involves asking questions.

English sentences	Tamil sentences
Do you like to drink some coffee?	Unakku konjam coffee kudikka viruppama?
Do you call them?	Avunggala kooppittiyaa?
Can I tell one thing?	Naan onnu sollattumaa?
Do you visit my mom?	Yen amma paaththiyaa?
Did you see my friends?	Yen nanbarkalai paarththaayaa?
Does he want to speak to you?	Avan unnidam paysa wayndumaa?
How do you go to school?	Nee yeppadi pallikoodam pokiraai?
How many siblings do you have?	Unakku yethhanai udan pirappukal?
Is it your car?	Yithu un vandiyaa?
May I join with you for dinner?	Iravu unavil unnodu saernthu kollavaa?
Shall I move this box?	Intha pettiyal nagarththattaa?
Shall I go first?	Naan muthalla pogavaa?
What about your family?	Un kudumpam pattri?
What time do you leave from your house?	Yethhanai manikku veettil yirunthu kilampuveerkal?
What do you come back home from work?	Waylaiyil irunthu yeppa veedu thirumbuva?
What’s your dad?	Un appa yenna seikiraar?
What’s your mom doing?	Un amma yenna seikiraarkal?
What’s your favourite colour?	Unakku piditha niram yenna?
Where are they staying?	Avungka yengku thangi irukkaangka?
Where are you coming from?	Nee yengku yirunthu vara?
Where are you living?	Nee yengku vasikkiraai?
Where do you go for shopping?	Nee yengka kadaikki pova?
Which book do you like?	Unakku yentha buku pidikkum?
Which bus do you take ?	Yentha bus nee yedukkra?
Which is your favourite subject?	Yentha paadam unakku romba pudichchathu?
Who do you respect the most?	Yaarai nee romba mathippa?
Who is your younger brother?	Yaar un thambi?
Who is your favourite actor?	Yaar unakku pidiththa nadigar?
Who is your friend?	Un nanban yaar?
Who is your elder sister?	Yaaru un akkaa?
Why did she call me?	Aval yethukku yennai kooppittaa?
Who is fearful?	Yaar payanthaan kuli?
Who is attractive?	Yaaru kavarchchiyaa irukkaa ?
Who is dangerous?	Yaaru abaayamaanvar?
Are you working here?	Nee, yingge vaela seiriyaa?
Are you angry?	Unakku kobamaa?
Are you hungry?	Unakku pasikkirathaa?
Are you studying?	Nee padikkiraayaa?
Can I help you?	Naan unakku uthavattaa?
Can you come with me?	Yennodu vara mudiyumaa?
Can you give me lift in your car today?	Ungkal vandiyil yennai kondu poga mudiyumaa?
Can you help her to cross the road?	Aval saalai thaanda nee uthava mudiyumaa?
Can you hold my bag for a while?	Yen paiyai konjam pidikka mudiyumaa?
Can you make a coffee for me too ?	Yenakkum coffee poduvaayaa?
Can you wait for me?	Yenkkaaga kaaththirukka mudiyumaa?
Can you hold it?	Nee itha pidichchikka mudiyumaa?
Do you want to sit?	Nee urkkaara vaenumaa?
Do you go to sleep?	Nee poi thoongkanumaa?
Do you like to speak to him?	Unakku avan kita paesa pudikkuthaa?
Did you call her?	Nee avala kooppittiyaa?
Did she bring the sweets?	Avalaa inippu kondu vanthaa?
Did you pull it?	Neeyaa atha yiluththa?
Did you wake up early?	Nee seekkiram mulichchi kittiyaa?
Do you drive a car?	Car Ottuvaayaa?
Do you like this place?	Unakku yintha yidam pidikirathaa?

Next Lesson 24: Tamil questions using "why"

Tamil questions using "what"

Examples of simple tamil questions given here. Please note that when addressing to anyone elder to you, use "nga" formally at the end of pronoun. For instance use 'unga' in place of 'un', use 'neenga' in place of 'nee'.

English sentences	Tamil sentences
what's your name	Un paeyer enna?
what's your age?	Un Vayata enna?
what are you doing?	Neenga Enna pannitirukeenga?
What did you eat?	Yenna Saapteenga?
What's the time?	Mani Enna?
What happened?	Enna Aachu?
What's new?	Enna seithi?
What do you work?	Enna velai seirienga?
What's this?	Ithu enna?
What's That Called In Tamil ?	Thamizhil enna solvaarkal?
What Does this Mean In English?	Englishil idhu enraal enna?
What do you say?	Nee enna solkiraai?
what did you do?	Nee enna seithaai?
What will you do?	Nee enna seivaai?
what is your plan?	Ungal tittam enna?
What do you think?	Neenga enna ninaikkireenga?
what do you want?	Unakku enna vendum?
What do you like about her?	Nee aval pattri enna pidikkum?
What next?	Aduthu enna?
What is it?	Athu enna?
What did he say?	Avar enna sonaar?(formal)
What did she say?	Aval enna sonaal?(informal)
What did you buy?	Nee enna vaanginaai?
What did you say?	Nee enna sonnaai?
What do you have?	Unidam enna irukirathu?
What is your story?	Un kathai enna?

Next Lesson 26: General questions in Tamil

Tamil questions using "when"

These are the sentences that starts with the question 'when'. Also please note that when conversing these sentences to elders or any people senior to you, use 'nga' at the end of the verb to address formally.

English sentences	Tamil sentences
When did he come?	Avan eppoḻutu vantaan?
When did you come?	Eppo vantheenga?
When did you leave ?	Yeppoluthu Nee Ponaai?
When do you come back home ?	Yeppoluthu veedu thirumbukiraai?
When is your test?	Yeppoluthu unakku pareetchai?
When did you wake up?	Yeppoluthu vizhiththaai?
When did you finish your work?	Yeppoluthu un vaelai mudiththaai?
When did she call me?	Yeppoluthu aval yennai kooppittaal?
When is your birthday?	Un pirantha naal yeppoluthu?
When did he leave?	Yeppoluthu avan kilambinaan?
When will you show me your home?	Yeppoluthu eṉakku uṅkaḷ veetu kaattu veerkal?
When will mom go to market?	Yeppoluthu ammaa kadaith theru povaarkal?
When will you be here?	Neengkal yeppoluthu ingku yiruppeerkal?
When was your first visit to Tamil nadu?	Nee muthal murai Tamil naatu paarththathu yeppoluthu?
When do you show your new paintings?	Yeppoluthu un puthu Oviyaṅkaḷ kaattuvaai?
When will you go to the shop?	Yeppoluthu neenga kadai ku pOvaai?
When did I give him money?	Yeppoluthu avanukku naan kaasu koduththean?
When will you take back your book?	Yeppoluthu un puthakam thiruppi yeduththu pOvaai?
When are you going to school?	Yeppoluthu nee pallikoodam pokiṟīrkaḷ?

Next Lesson 25: Tamil questions using "what"

Simple words in Tamil

Learn these simple Tamil words, as these are commonly used in sentences which would be easy for you to learn. I've included formal and informal way of addressing people. We include 'nga' at the end of the word when speaking formally to elders. I would suggest to first practice the words with 'nga' at the end for effective way of learning these words so as to avoid accidentally saying informal words to elders and offending them :)

English words	Informal	Formal
You	Nee	Neenga
He/She	Avan/Aval	Avar
His/Her	Avanoda/Avaloda	Avangaloda
Your	Unnodathu	Ungalodathu
Sit	utkaar	utkaaranga
Study	padi	padinga
stand	nil	nilanga
See	Paar	paarunga
Write	ezhuthu	ezhuthanga
Drink	Kudi	kudinga
Come	Vaa	Vaanga
Go	Po	Ponga
Eat	Saapidu	Saapidanga
Catch	Pudi	Pudinga
Run	Odu	Odunga
Fold	Madi	Madinga
Call	Kupudi	Kupudinga
Read	Padi	Padinga
Jump	Kuthi	Kuthinga
Push	Thallu	Thallinga
take	Yedu	Yedunga
Bring	Kondu	Kondanga
Build	Kattu	Kattunga
Buy	Vaangu	Vaanganga
Ask	Kael	Kaelanga
Sing	Paadu	Paadanga
Be Quiet	Amaidhiyaka Iru	Amaidhiyaka Iranga
Bath	Kuli	Kulinga
close	Saathu	Saathunga
Open	Thira	Thiranga

Next Lesson 24: Tamil questions using "when"

Tamil questions starting with 'who'

English sentences	Tamil sentences
Who gave	yaar thanthathu?
Who fell	yaar vilunthathu?
Who searched	Yaar thaediyathu?
Who saw	Yaar paarththathu?
Who scolded	Yaar thittiyathu?
Who poured	yaar kottiyathu?
Who broke	Yaar udaiththathu?
Who jumped	yaar kuthiththathu?
Who sang	yaar paadiyathu?
Who threw	yaar veesiyathu?
Who opened	yaar thiranthathu?
Who played	yaar vilaiyaadiyathu?
Who ate	yaar saappittathu?
Who drew	yaar varainthathu?
Who drove	yaar oottiyathu?
Who cried	yaar aluthathu?
Who laughed	yaar siriththathu?
Who knocked	yaar yidiththathu?
Who clapped	yaar thattiyathu?
Who watched	yaar paarththathu?
Who drank	yaaru kudiththathu?
Who told	yaar sonnathu?
Who asked	yaar kaettathu?
Who carried	yaar thookkiyathu?
Who is standing here?	Yaar yingku nindru kondiruppathu?
Who is shouting?	Yaar kaththi kondiruppathu?
Who is coming?	Yaar vanthu kondiruppathu?
Who is playing?	Yaar vilaiyaadi kondiruppahu?
Who is digging?	Yaar nOndi kondiruppathu?
Who is pulling rope?	Yaar kayirai yiluththu kondiruppathu?
Who is sweeping?	Yaar kootti kondiruppathu?
Who is looking at me?	Yaar yennai parththu kondiruppathu?
Who is tall?	yaar uyaram?
Who is slim?	Yaar olli?
Who is fat?	Yaar gundu?
Who is brave?	Yaar thairiya saali?
Who is short?	Yaar kuttai?
Who is clever?	yaar arivaali?
Who is quiet?	Yaar amaithi?

Next Lesson 23: Simple tamil words through English

Name of fruits in Tamil

Fruits in English	Fruits in Tamil
Apple	applepazham
apricot	Sarkkarai Badami
Avacado	Vennai pazham
Banana	vazhaipazham
Bell fruit	Panchali pazham
Black currant	Karuntiraticai Pazham
Blueberry	Avurinelli
cantaloupe	Parangi pazham
Cashew	Munthri pazham
Cherry	Seela pazham
coconut	Thengai
Cranberry	Kurutinelli
Custard apple	Seetha pazham
Dates	Pericham pazham
Fig	Atti pazham
Gooseberry	nellikai
Grapefruit	Bablimas
Grapes	Dratchai pazham
guava	Koiya pazham
Indian Plum	Luvlolikka
Jackfruit	Palapazham
Lemon	Kolinchi pazham
lime	elumichai
lychee	laici pazham
Mango	Mam pazham
Mangosteen	sulambali
Orange	Aaranju pazham
papaya	papali pazham
Pear	Berikkai
Pineapple	Annasi pazham
Plantain	Nenthram pazham
Plum	Allpakoda
Pomegranate	Madhulai
Prune	KOdi mundiri pazham
Raisins	Kismis
Sapodilla	Sapota
Starfruit	Pulichikai
sweet lime	saattukudi
Strawberry	Semputtu pazham
Sugar palm	fruit Nungu
Watermelon	Tarboosni

Next Lesson 22: Tamil Questions with "Who"

Days & months in Tamil

The Tamil Calendar is followed by the Tamil speaking state of Tamil Nadu, Kerala in India and by the Tamil population in Sri Lanka. There are several festivals in Tamil Nadu based on the Tamil cultural Calendar. The Tamil calendar is based on the solar cycle. It has a sixty-year cycle and each year has twelve months. The Tamil New Year follows the vernal equinox and generally falls on April 14 of the Gregorian year.

The Tamil calendar is based on the solar calendar used by the people of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka and Thailand where the traditional new year falls on January 14 as well.

Here I am including the days and tamil months along with dates. These dates are approximate which varies by one or two days in the Gregorian calendar depending on adjustments made to the calendar every year so as to align with astronomic observations.

English days and months	Tamil days and months
today	indru
yesterday	nedru
tomorrow	naalai
this week	intha vaaram
last week	pona vaaram
next week	adutha vaaram
Sunday	nyaayiru
Monday	thingGal
Tuesday	sevvaai
Wednesday	budhan
Thursday	vyaalan
Friday	velli
Saturday	sani
15th Jan to 15th Feb	Thai
15th Feb to 15th March	Maasi
15th March to 15th April	Panguni
15th April to 15th May	Chithirai
15th May to 15th June	Vaikasi
15th June to 15th July	Aani
15th July to 15th Aug	Aadi
15th Aug to 15th Sep	Aavani
15th Sep to 15th Oct	Purattasi
15th Oct to 15th Nov	Aippasi
15th Nov to 15th Dec	Kaarthikai
15th Dec to 15th Jan	Margali

Next Lesson 21: Fruit names in Tamil

Feelings/expressions in Tamil

Below are Tamil words for the variety of expression words.

English to Tamil expressions
confident - nambikkai	Happy - santhoosham
Upset - varuththam	Sorry - manikavum
Agony - thunbam	Angry - kobam
Hungry - pasi	Pain - vali
Dizzy - kiRukiRuppu	Laughter - sirippu
Cry - azukai	Injury - kaayam
interested - aarvam	kind - anbaan
great - periya/uyirandhu	joy/glad - magizhchi
lucky - adhirshtam	thankful - nanriyudan
cheerful - magizhchiyana	courageous - dhairyamaan
optimistic - nanmaiyil nambikkai	thrilled - cilirpaaka
wonderful - arputamaan	calm - amaithiyaaka
quiet/peaceful - amaithiyaana	at ease - nimathiyaaka
comfortable - sagamaan/vasadhiyaaka	encourage - ukkuvikka
clever - buddhisaali	surprised - aachariyamaaka
relaxed - nimathiyaana	loving - anpaan
considerate - parivukonda	affectionate - paasam
curious - aravamaaka	excited - urachaagamaagu
challenged - savaal	sure - uruti
irritated - erichchal	enraged - kopammutti
insulting - avamadhitha	unpleasant - virumpatthakaata
offensive - thaakutal	aggressive - aakkiramippu
disappointed - emaarrum	discouraged - uggam
ashamed - vetkamaaka	miserable - tunpakaramaan
disgusting - verrukkataka	terrible - payankaramaan
doubt/skeptical - santekam	perplexed - kuzhampinaar
embarassed - sangkadappata	hesitant - tayakkam
shy - vetkapatavillai	unsure - urutiyarru
uneasy - kucchamaaka	tense - patattamaan
useless - payanarratu	alone - taniyaaka
fatigued - kalaippaagu	forced - kattayam
frustrated - viraktiyatainta	pathetic - parithaapamaan
tragic - soga	dominated - aadhigam
bored - salitthu	suspicious - santekattirkitamaan
fearful - payattudan	terrified - payantatu
anxious - aarvattudan	panic - piti
nervous - patattamaaka	scared - payamaaka
worried - kavalai	frightened - payantu
restless - amaithiyarr	crushed - Noṟukkappaṭṭa
pained - Vetanaimikka	tortured- sittiravatai
injured - kaayam	offended - Ericchalurra
aching - valikiradu	humuliated - Avamaaṉappaṭuttappaṭṭu
sorrowful- Tukkamaṭaiyavum	grief - Varuttattai
anguish - Vetaṉaiyaana	lonely - Taniyaaka

Next Lesson 20: Days & months in Tamil

Tamil tense - 5 (neutral plural)

These are the past, present and future tense of the following verbs denoting neuter plural i.e. 'they'. 'Avarkal' in tamil means 'they'. 'Avarkal' includes masculine and feminine pronouns.
You can practice these tenses by prefixing 'Avarkal' to these below verbs.

past tense	present tense	future tense
smile - punnagai seikiraargal	smiled -punnagai seithaargal	will smile - punnagai seivaargal
washed - kaluvinaarkal	wash kaluvikiraargal	will wash kaluvipaargal
they've done - seithaarkal	they're doing - seikiraargal	they'll do - seivaargal
wrote -yeluthinaargal	write-yeluthukiraargal	will write - yeluthupaargal
expected-Yethirpaarththaarkal	expect--Yethirpaarkkiraarkar	will expect--Yethirpaarppaarkal
cleaned-suththam seithaarkal	clean - suththam seikiraargal	will clean - suththam seivaargal
saw- paarththaargal	see - paarkkiraargal	will see - paarppaagal
gone - poitaargal	go - poikiraargal	will go - povaargal
read - paditaargal	reading - padikiraargal	will read - padipaargal
ran - odunaargal	run - odukiraargal	will run - oduvaargal
walked - nadanaargal	walk - nadakiraargal	will walk - nadapaargal
slept - padunaargal	sleep - padukiraargal	will sleep - padupaargal
said - sonnaargal	say - solkiraargal	will say - solvaargal
ate - saapidutaargal	eat - saapidukiraargal	will eat - saapiduvaargal
took - yeduthaargal	take - yedukiraargal	will take - yedupaargal
played - velaiyadunaargal	play - velaiyadukiraargal	will play - velaiyaduvaargal
called - koopittaargal	call - koopidukiraargal	will call - koopiduvaargal
jumped - kuthiththaargal	jumps- Avan kuthikkiraargal	will jump-Avan kuthippaargal
climbed -yaerinaargal	climbs- yaerukiraargal	will climb - yaeruvaargal
laughed- siriththaargal	laughs -sirikkiraargal	will laugh - sirippaargal
pushed - thallinaargal	pushes - thallukiraargal	will push - thalluvaargal

Next Lesson 19: Learn expression words in Tamil

Tamil tense - 4 ('We' as subject)

In Tamil, there are two pronouns for the English pronoun "we". One is 'Naam' and 'Naangkal'. When using 'Naam', the person being spoken to is included in 'we'. Whereas in 'Naangkal', the person being spoken to is not invluded in "we".

For example:

- When you describe about your family vacation to your neighbours, you say "we went to ooty". So here you would use "naangkal" as the person being spoken to i.e. neighbour is excluded from "we".

-When you talk about your family vacation to your family members, you say "we all should travel to Ooty". So here you would use "naam" as the people being spoken to are included in "we".

So you can prefix either 'naam' or 'naangkal' to the following verbs based on the actual meaning you wanted to convey.

English words	past tense	present tense	future tense
tell	sonnom	solkirom	solvom
sing	paadinom	paadukirom	paaduvom
expect	yethirpaarththom	yethirpaarkkirom	yethirpaarppom
be	irunthom	irukirrom	irupom
walk	nadandom	nadakkirom	nadapom
do	seidom	seyikkirom	seyivom
see	paarththom	paarkkirom	paarppom
stand	ninrom	nirkirom	nirpom
go	poittom	poirkirom	povvom
clean	suttham seithom	suttham seyikirom	suttham seyivom
sleep	padunom	padukirom	paduppom
read	paditom	padikirom	padipom
buy	vaanginom	vaangikirom	vaangivom
eat	saapitom	saapidukirom	saapidivom
play	vilaiyaadunom	vilaiyaadukirom	vilaiyaaduvom
run	odunom	odukirom	oduvom
take	yeduththom	yedukkirom	yedupom

Next Lesson 18: Tamil tense - 5 ('They' as subject)

Tamil tense - 3 (3rd person as subject)

Here I am going to list out few examples of past, present, and future tense denoting 3rd person as subject i.e. 'he' or 'she'. 'Avan' means He, and 'Aval' means she.

past tense	present tense	future tense
She gave - aval koduththaal	she gives - aval Kodukiraal	she gave - aval koduththaal
he did- avan seithaan	he does - avan seikiraan	he will do - avan seivaan
He came with me - Avan yennodu vanthaan	He comes with me - Avan yennodu varukiraan	He will come with me -Avan yennodu varuvaan.
He called-Avan Kooppittaan	he calls - Avan kooppittiraan	He will call- avan Kooppiduvaan
He said- Avan sonnaan	He tells- Avan solkiraan	He will say- Avan solvaan
She smiled - Aval punnagai seithaal	She smiles -Aval punnagai seikiraal	She will smile -Aval punnagai seivaal
she went- Aval poinaal	She goes- Aval poikiraal	She will go- Aval povaal
He kicked - Avan uthaiththaan	He kicks-Avan uthaikkiraan	He will kick- Avan uthaippaan
He jumped-Avan kuthiththaan	He jumps- Avan kuthikkiraan	He will jump-Avan kuthippaan
He folded - Avan madiththaan	He folds-Avan madikkiraan	He will fold - Avan madippaan
He drank - Avan kudiththaan	He drinks- Avan kudikkiraan	He will drink- Avan kudippaan
He climbed -Avan yaerinaan	He climbs- Avan yaerukiraan	He will climb -Avan yaeruvaan
She laughed- Aval siriththaal	She laughs -Aval sirikkiraal	She will laugh - Aval sirippaal
He pushed - Avan thallinaan	He pushes - Avan thallukiraan	He will push - Avan thalluvaan

Next Lesson 17. Tamil tense - 4 ('We' as subject)

Tamil tense - 2 ('You' as subject)

Below are past, present and future tense denoting 2nd person as subject i.e. 'you'. Please note that I am listing as 'Nee' which informally means 'You'. Whereas to address formally, we say 'Neengal' in tamil which I will cover in later lessons.

past tense	present tense	future tense
you told- Nee sonnaai	you tell -Nee solkiraai	you will say - Nee solvaai
You took-nee yeduththaai	you take- Nee yedukkiraai	you will take - nee Nee yeduppaai
You expected - Yethirpaarththaai	You expect- Yethirpaarkkiraai	You will expect-Nee Yethirpaarppaai
You saw - Nee Paarththaai	You see - Nee Paarkkiraai	You will see - Nee Paarppaai
Where did you go?Yengku ponaai?	Where do you go? Yengku pokiraai?	Where will you go? Yengku povaai?
You came - Nee vanthai	You come – nee varukiraai	You will come - nee varuvaai
You slept - Nee thoongkuvitaai	You sleep- nee thoongkukiraai	you will sleep - Nee thoongvaai
You ran - Nee Odunaai	You run - Nee Odu	You will run - Nee Oduvaai
You ate - Nee Saapidutaai	You eat - Nee saapidukiraai	You will eat - Nee saapiduvaai
You walked Nee Nadanthaai	You walk - Nee nadakiraai	You will walk - Nee nadappai
You slept Nee thoongivitaai	You sleep - Nee thoongikiraai	You will sleep - thoongivaai
You've studied Nee padithaai	You study - Nee padi/padikiraai	You will study - Nee padipaai
You bought - Nee vaanginaai	you bring - Nee vaangikiraai	You will bring - vaangivaai
You played - Nee villaiyaadunaai	You play - Nee villaiyaadukiraai	You will play - Nee villaiyaaduvaai

Next Lesson 16: Tamil tense - 3

Tamil tense with 'I' as subject

In Tamil, there are three tenses namely kadanda kaalam(past tense), nigazh kaalam(present tense), edhirkaalam(future tense). I will start with few examples with subject 'I' pronoun with present, past and future tense. Verbs here are used to express an action (I swim) or a state of being (I am). In Tamil 'Naan' means 'I'.
To start with, let's use simple verbs. The meaning of these verbs are:
nada - walk
padu - sleep
Odu - run
kodu - give
vaa - come
pO - go
padi - read
paar - see
nil - stand
aagu - become
thoongu - sleep

	past tense	present tense	future tense
	I was	I am	I will
be	naan irunthaen	Naan Irrukiraen	naan irrupaen
walk	naan nadanaen	naan nadakkiraen	naan nadappaen
sleep	naan padunaen	naan padukkiraen	naan paduppaen
run	Naan odunaen	naan odukkiraen	naan oduvaen
Do	naan seithaen	naan seyikiraen	naan seivaen
read	Naan paditaen	naan padikiraen	naan padipaen
See	Naan Paarththaen	Naan Paarkkiraen	Naan Paarppaen
stand	naan ninru	Naan nirkiraen	naan nirpaen
go	naan poittaen	naan poikiraen	naan povaen
mention you	Naan unnidam kurippittaen	Naan unnidan kurippidukiraen	Naan unnidam kurippiduvaen
Expect	Naan Yethirpaarththaen	Naan Yethirpaarkkiraen	Naan Yethirpaarppaen
clean	Naan Suththam seithaen	Suththam seikiraen	Suththam seivaen

Next Lesson 15: Tamil tense - 2

Tamil prepositions

Learning the Tamil Prepositions is very important because its structure is used in every day conversation. Tamil prepositions link nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition. For example, 'I speak English and Tamil language', here 'and' is the preposition as it connects to other words in this sentence. Also I have included Time place and demonstrative pronouns.

English prepositions	Tamil Prepositions
about	kuriththu
above	mele
among	idaiyil
across	kurukkaaga
against	yethiraaga
under	keezhe
after	pinpu/piraku
in front of	munnal
behind	pinnal
far from	thooram
near	pakkam
in	il
inside	ulle
outside	veliye
with	udan
without	illamal
about	eraththaazha
between	itaiye
but	aanaal
for	poruttu
from	irundhu
to/till	varaiyil
around	sutri
as	oppaaga/avvannam/athupolave
before	yethire/munpaaga
beneath	adiyil
beside	melum/pakkaththil
beyond	appaal
by	aal/arukil
despite	aayinum
down	keezhe
during	kaalaththil/velaiyil/pozhuthil
except	thavira
into	ulle/ulnokki
near	arukil
next	aduththu
of	il/in/udaiya
on	mele
opposite	yethiraana
out	veliye
over	mele/athikamaai
per	vazhiyaai/moolamaai
plus	koota
round	vattamaana/urundaiyaana
since	appozhuthilirundhu/aakaiyaal
than	vida
through	kurukke/moolamaai
toward	poruttu/nokki
under	keezhe/adiyil
until	varaiyilum
up	mele
via	vazhiyaaga
within	ulle
according to	inanga
because of	kaaranamaaga
close to	pakkaththil
due to	kaaranamaai
instead of	pathilaaga
in spite of	irunthapothilum
on behalf of	saarpaai -
this	ithu
that	athu
these	ivaikal
those	avaikal

Next Lesson 14: Tamil Tense ('I' as subject)

Opposites/Antonyms in Tamil

English opposites	Tamil opposites
large-small	Paeriya-siriya
hot-cold	vaeppum-Kulirchi
sweet - sour	Inippu - Kasappu
open-close	Thira-Moodi
good-bad	Nalla-Ketta
daytime-night	Pagal-Iravu
left-right	Idadhu-Valadhu
front-back	Munnaal-Pinaal
over-under	Maelaal-Kizhu
in front-behind	Munnai-Pinnai
up-down	Maelae-Kizhae
here-there	Inge-Ange
Fat-Slim	Gundu,Thadiyaana-Olli
Fast-Slow	Vaegamaaga - Methuvaaga
White - Black	Venmai - Karuppu
Smooth - Rough	Valavalappu - Sorasorappu
Beautiful - Ugly	Alagu - Asingam
Laugh - Cry	Sirippu - Alukai
Run - Stop	Odu - Nil
Come - Go	Vaa - Po
Happy - Sad	Santhosam - Kavalai, Thukkam
Easy - Difficult	Sulabam - Kadinam Or Kasttam
Start - End	Thuvakkam - Mudivu
Move - Immovable	Asaivathu - Asaiyaathathu
Long - Short	Neelam - Kuttai
Big - Small	Periyathu - Siriyathu
Tall - Short	Uyaram - Kuttai
Thin - Thick	Melliyathu - Thadiththathu
Broad - Narrow	Agalam - Kurikiyathu
Clean - Dirty	Suththam - Asuththam, Alukku
Near - Far	Kitta - Yeti
Straight - Wavy	Naer - Valaivu
In - Out	Ullae - Veliyae
Agree - Disagree	Oththukkol-maruppu
All- None	Anaiththum - onedrum yillai
Always - Never	Yeppoluthum - poluthum yillai.
Available - Unavailable	Kidaikkum - kidaikkaathu
Buy - Sell	Vaangkuvathu - virppathu
Clear-Turbid	Thelivaana-kulambiya
Common-Rare	Pothuvaanathu-avoorvamaanathu
convenient-inconvenient	Sougariam-asougariam
decrease-increase	Kuraivaakku-athigamaakku
include-exclude	saerththukkol-neekki vidu
Correct-Incorrect	sariyaanathu-thavaraanathu
Full-Empty	niraiyya-kaali(onedrum yillai)
Hardworking-Lazy	Kadina ulaippu-sOmbal
Helpful - Unhelpful	Uthavi seiyum gunam-uthavi seiyaatha gunam
Honest- Dishonest	Nayrmai-nayrmai yillaatha
Intelligent-Unintelligent	Puththi saali-muttaal
Kind-Unkind	Anbu-anbu yillaamai
Laugh-Cry	siri-alu
Lock-Unlock	poottu-thira
Lost-Found	Tholainthathu-kandu pidiththathu
Patient-impatient	Porumai-porumai yinmai
Polite - Impolite	mariyaathai - mariyaathai yillaatha
Possible - Impossible	saaththiyamaana - saaththiyam yillaatha
Sharp-Blunt	Koormai-malungkiya
Tight-Loose	Yirukkamaana-thalarvaana
Valuable-Invaluable	Mathippaana-mathippu yillaatha
Wet - Dry	Eeramaana-Kaainthathu

Next Lesson 13: Tamil Prepositions

Animal Names in Tamil

Here is a list of Tamil names of animals from English. If you would like to know the Tamil name of any other animal, you can contact us or leave your comment. If you have any suggestions or feedback to make these tutorials better, we will love to hear from you.

Animals in English	Animals in Tamil
Ant	Erumbu
Bear	Karadi
Buffalo	Erumai
Butterfly	pantaampoochi
Camel	otagam
Cat	poonai
Chameleon	pachondhi
Chimpanzee	manidhaik korangu
Cow	pasu
Crocodile	mudhalai
Crab	nandi
Deer	maan
Dog	naayi
Donkey	kazhathai
Elephant	yaanai or aanai
Fox	nari
Frog	thavalai
Goat	aadu
Gorilla	manidhaik korangu
Horse	koodhirai
Hippopotamus	Neer Yaanai
Jackal	Nari
Lion	singam
Lizard	palli
Mongoose	Siri
Monkey	korangu
mosquito	Kosu
Mouse	Eli
Ox	Eruthu
Pig	Panri
Polar Bear	Pani-ek karadi
Rabbit	Muyal
Rat	Paeruchaali
Rhinoceros	Kaandaamirugam
Sheep	Semmriyaadu
Snail	Nathai
Snake	Paambu
Spider	Selandhi
Squirrel	Anil
Tiger	Puli
Turtle	Aamai
Wolf	O(Oh)naai

Next Lesson 12: Opposites in Tamil

Spices name in Tamil

These are list of Indian spices name, note that some of the Tamil spices matches with English spices. And few of them are familiar with Hindi spice name as well. These will help you to understand and communicate effectively wherever you wish to buy any cooking ingredient.

English names	Tamil names
Almond	Baadaam paruppu
Aniseed, Sweet cumin	Sombu or Perungu jeeragam
Asafoetida	Perungayam
Barley	val godumai
Basil	Thulasi
Basmati Rice	Basmati arisi
Bay leaf	Brinji Ilai
Bengal gram, chickpeas	Kadalai paruppu
Black Pepper	Milagu
Black Raisins	Kismis
Black gram, Black legume	Urandu paruppu
Cumin seeds, fennel seeds	Jeeragam
Cardamom	Elakkaayi
Carom seeds	Omam
Cashew nuts	Mundari paruppu
Celery	Celery
Chickpeas	Konda Kadalai
Cinnamon	Pattai
Clove	Krambu
Coconut	Thengaai
Coriander seeds	Kotthamalli vedai
Coriander leaves	Kotthamalli illai
Curry Leaves	Karuveppilai
Dates	Paerchimazham
Dry Fenugreek Methi	Vendhayam
Dry Ginger	sukku
Flour Maida	Maida Maavu
Garlic	Poondu
Ginger	Inji
Green Chilli	Pachai milagaai
Green gram/Moong dal	mung Payatham Paruppu/Paasi paruppu
Gram flour	Kadalai Maavu
Green Pepper, Capsicum	Kodai milagaai
Home made cheese	Paneer
Jaggery Vellam	Karuppatti
Lemon	Elumachai pazham
Lemon grass	Pondaipulsera
Lime	chunaambu
Mint	Pudina
Mace	Jathikai Thol
Mango	Maangaai
Mango Powder	Maagaai Podi
Mustard seeds	Kadagu
Nutmeg	Jaathikaai
Onion	vengaayam
Orange	aaranju
Paddy	Nel
Pomegranate seeds	Maandhulai vedhai
Poppy seeds	Kasa kasa
Rice	arisi
Red chilli	Sivappu milagaai
Roasted gram	Pottu kadalai
Salt	Uppu
Saffron	Kunkumappu
Semolina	ravai
Sesame seeds, Gingelly seeds	Ellu
Sugar	sakkarai
Sugarcane	Karampu
Tamarind	Puli
Turmeric	Manjal
Vinegar	pulikaadi
Wheat	godhumai
Wheat flour	godhumai maavu
White pepper	vellai milagu
Yellow lentil	tuvaram paruppu

Next Lesson 11: Animals name in Tamil

Parts of body in Tamil

These are the lists of general Body parts in Tamil. It's most commonly included in day to day conversation.

English words	Tamil words
Back	Mudugu
Belly	Vaiyeru
Body	Udal,Udambu
Brain	Moolai
Cheek	Kannum
Chest	Marpu
Chin	mukavayk kattai
Ear	Kaadu
Elbow	Muzhangkai
Eye	Kannu
Eye-ball	Kannu vizhi
Eyebrow	Puruvam
Eyelash	Kannumayir
Face	Mukam
Finger	viral
Foot	Paadam
Forearm	moonkai
Forehead	nettri
Hair	moodi
Hand	kai
Head	thalai
Heart	Eeruthayam
Hip	Idippu
Knee	Moozhangkaal
Left Hand	Idhathu Kai
Leg	Kaal
Lip	udhadu
Mouth	Vaai
Nail	Nagam
Neck	Kazhathu
Nose	Mookku
Palm	Ulangkai
Right Hand	valadu Kai
Shoulder	thol
Tooth	Pal
Thigh	Thodai
Tongue	Naaku
Waist	Idipu
Womb	Karuppai

Next Lesson 10: Indian spices name

Travel phrase in Tamil

Imagine yourself in some Tamil speaking country and you're not sure of how to ask the directions or seek help. The following travel phrases are useful and can help you avoid misunderstanding. You can practice them to ensure that you could get proper communication to avoid confusion or being lost.

English Phrase	Tamil Phrase
Help!	uthavi veeNdum
Can you help me?	unnaal enakku udhava mutiyuma?
Can I help you?	naan ungalukku udhavi seyyattuma?
Where is the airport?	Airport enge ulladu?
Go straight	neraka sellungal
Then	piraku
Turn left	itadhu pakkam thirumpungal
Turn	valadhu pakkam thirumpungal
I'm Sorry!	enna manichudunga
No Problem!	Onnum prachanai illai
Can You Say It Again?	Thirumba sollunga?
Can You Speak Slowly?	Porumaiya pesunga?
Write It Down Please!	Adhai ezhuthunga!
I Don't Understand!	Enakku puriyala!
I Don't Know!	Enakku theriyaathu
I Have No Idea.	Ennaku theriyala
What's That Called In Tamil ?	Thamizhil enna solvaarkal?
What Is This?	Idhu enna?
My Tamil is bad	En …(thamizh) romba mosam
Don't worry!	Kavalai padaathe
what to do now?	ippozhuthu enna seivathu
I don't know where I am	naan engee erukiren endru theriyalavillai
I need a doctor	Naan oru Doctorai pAkkanum
Can I use your phone?	unga phOna use pannikkattumA?
Where does this train/bus go?	intha vandi engae p'O'guthu?
I'm looking for joe.	Naan joeai théduréan (or) Joe irukkara?
One moment please!	Oru nimidam!
Hold on please!	Irunga!
How much is this?	Idhu evvalavu?
Excuse me	Mannikanum
Come with me	Ennodu Vaanga! (formal)

Next Lesson 9. Body Parts

Vegetables name in Tamil

Here is a collection of names of Indian vegetables and pulses in Tamil to help you to follow your favourite cooking recipes. Also useful for you to easily understand and ask in Tamil in groceries and other places.

Vegetables	Kaaigarikal
Ash Gourd	Kalyana Poosanikai
Brinjal	Kathirikkai
Beet Root	Beet Root
Broad Beans	Avarakkai
Basil	Thulasi
Bitter Gourd	Pavakkai
Capsicum	Kuda Milagai
Cabbage	Muttai Kosu
Cauliflower	Poo Kosu
Carrot	Caarrot
Apple	Kumili Pazham
Celery	Oma Illai
Cluster Beans	Kothavarangai
Coriander Leaves	Kothamalli Ilai
Coconut	Thengai
Chow-chow	Seemai Kathirikai
Cucumber	Vellarikka
Cowpeas	Karamani
Drumstick	Murungakkai
Fenugreek Leaves	Vendhaya Ilai
Elephant Yam	Sennaikizhangu
Mint	Pudina Ilai
Mushroom	- Kaalaan
Green Peas	Pattani
Ladies Finger	Vendakkai
Lemon Fruit	Yelumichampazham
Onions	Vengayam
Plantain	Vazhaikai
Plantain Stem	Vazhai Thandu
Plantain Flower	Vazhaipoo
Potatoes	Urulaikizhangu
Pumpkin	Poosanikkai
Radish	Mullangi
Ridge Gourd	Peerkangai
Snake gourd	Pudalangkaai
Spinach	pasalaikeerai
sweet potato	sakaraivalli kizhangu
spring onion	vengaayathaal
Turnip	noolkhol
Tomato	Thakkaali

Next Lesson 8: Travel Phrase in Tamil

Tamil Pronouns

Here are the lists of Tamil pronouns what we use to refer to the person speaking, the person spoken to, referring to the people of things that are spoken about. Also there are pronouns that connects parts of sentences. I tried to include common words that is included in everyday conversation. Also including them with simple example to help you understand.

English Pronouns	Tamil Pronouns
I	naan
you	nee/neengal
he	avan
she	aval
we	naangal
they	avargal
me	yenakku
you	unakku/ungalukku(in formal way)
him	avanukku
her	avalukku
us	yengalukku
them	avarkalukku
my	yenathu
your	unathu/unkalathu
his	avanin
her	avalin
our	yenkalin
their	avarkalin
mine	yennudaiyadhu
yours	unnudaiyadhu/unkaludaiyadhu(in formal way)
his	avanudaiyadhu
hers	avaludaiyadhu
ours	yenkaludaiyadhu
theirs	avarkaludaiyadhu
I speak	naan pesukiren
you speak	nee pesukiraai/neengal pesukireerkal
he speaks	avan pesukiraan
she speaks	aval pesukiraal
we speak	naangal pesukirom
they speak	avarkal pesukiraarkal/avaikal pesukindrana
give me	yenakku kodu
give him	avanukku kodu
give her	avalukku kodu
give us	yengalukku kodu
give them	avarkalukku kodu

Next Lesson 7: Vegetables

Numbers in Tamil

Here are the lists of Tamil Numbers which will be useful for you, as it's used in every day conversation. The more you learn it, the more you get closer to understand and master the Tamil language. Here, the Tamil cardinal numbers shows the quantity i.e. "how many" also known as "counting numbers". And also I have included list of Ordinal numbers that tell the order of things and specify which number something like rank or position of that number in a set. Learning these would be very useful as these are essential words in the Tamil vocabulary.

Numbers	Yenkal
one	onru
two	irandu
three	moondru
four	naanku
five	aindhu
six	aaru
seven	yezhu
eight	yettu
nine	onpadhu
ten	paththu
eleven	pathinondru
twelve	pannirandu
thirteen	pathinmoondru
fourteen	pathinaanku
fifteen	pathinaindhu
sixteen	pathinaaru
seventeen	pathinezhu
eighteen	pathinettu
nineteen	paththonpadhu
twenty	irupathu
hundred	nooru
one thousand	aayiram
million or ten lakhs	paththu latcham
first	muthalaavathu
second	irandaavathu
third	moonraavathu
fourth	naankaavathu
fifth	ainthaavathu
sixth	aaraavathu
seventh	yezhaavathu
eighth	yettaavathu
ninth	onpathaavathu
tenth	paththaavathu

Next Lesson 6: Pronouns

Questions and interrogative expressions in Tamil

Learning these Tamil Questions could be useful, as it is included in everyday conversations. So the more you learn these, you can easily make use of this language by knowing the role of these Questions. These lists can be either a linguistic expression for making a request for information, or the request itself made by such an expression. It usually starts with why, how, where, when etc.. Here are lists and examples that I could think of...

English Questions	Tamil Questions
What	Yenna
Who	Yaaru
Where	Yenga
Why	Yaen (or) Yedakku
How	Eppadi
When	Yeppo
How many	Ethanai
How much	Evlalavu
where is he?	avan yenke irukkiraan?
what is this?	ithu yenna?
why are you sad?	nee yen varuththamaai irukkiraai?
can I come?	naan varalaamaa?
do you know me?	unakku yennaith theriyumaa?
how much is this?	ithu yenna vilai?
where do you live?	nee yenke vasikkiraai?
how big is it?	athu yevvalavu periyadhu?
what time is it?	Mani Yenna?
is he sleeping?	avan thoonkukiraanaa?

Next Lesson 5: Numbers

Family relationship names in tamil

Below are the lists of all Family members and relationships in Tamil. Note that few of these tamil words are repetitive.

English names	Tamil Names
Father	appa
Mother	amma
Son	Magan
Daughter	Magal
Brother	Sagotharan
Sister	Sagothari
Elder Brother	Anna
Younger brother	thambi
Elder Sister	Akka
Younger sister	thangaichi
Husband (formal way)	Kanavan
Husband (informal or casual way)	Purushan
Wife (formal way)	Manaivi
Wife (informal or casual way)	Pondati
Son-in-law	Marmagan
Daughter-in-law	Marmagal
Maternal Grandmother	Paati/Ammama
Maternal Grandfather	Thaatha
Paternal Grandmother	Paati
Grandson	paeran
Granddaughter	Paetthi
Mother's Brother	Mama
Mother's Brother's wife	Mami
Father's sister	atthai
Father's sister's husband	attimbar
Father's elder brother	Periyappa
Father's elder sister	Periyamma
Father's younger brother/Mother's sister's husband	Chitthappa
Father's younger sister/Mother's sister	Chitthi
Wife's brother	Machchan
Wife's sister	machinitchi
Male friend	Nanban or tozhan
Female friend	Tozhi

Next Lesson 4: Questions

Expressing time in Tamil language

If you have ever wondered how to say the actual time in Tamil? Conveying the actual time is dependent on learning the Tamil numbers along with certain rules that expresses hours, minutes and seconds in Tamil. This is one of the basic learning as it would be used to indicate the timing of the event.
Below listed are examples that will help you to express the time in Tamil using the subsequent phrases for:

English Names	Tamil Names
Now	Ippo
Later	Piragu
before	munnaal
after	pinnaal
morning	kaalai
afternoon	mathiyaanam
evening	maalai
night	iravu or raatthiri
minutes	nimidam
hour	mani
days	naal
weeks	vaaram
months	maatham
years	varudam
today	indru
yesterday	nedru
tomorrow	naalai
this week	inda vaaram
next week	athutha vaaram
last week	pona vaaram
Sunday	nyaayiru kizhamai
Monday	thingGal kizhamai
Tuesday	sevvaai kizhamai
Wednesday	budhan kizhamai
Thursday	vyaalan kizhamai
Friday	velli kizhamai
Saturday	sani kizhamai

Next Lesson 3: Family

Tamil Greetings/Expressions

This is one of the important lessons as it contains Tamil phrases, expressions, greetings in Tamil to start the conversation. It will be useful when you are visiting a home or welcoming a guest to begin the conversation. So if you are beginner, these phrases are for you to keep up the chat. These are the common examples that are used everyday life conversations, so memorizing them will come handy for you.

English words	Tamil words
Hello/Hi	Vannakam
Good Morning	Kaalai Vannakam
Good evening	Maalai Vannakam
Welcome	Vaango
Come inside	Ulla Vaango
Sit	Ukkaaranga
How are you	Eppadi Irukeenga
I am fine	Naan nalla irukaen
And you?	Neena? (or) Neenga eppadi irukeenga?
What's up	Enna saidhi?
Nothing much	Onnum illai
It's been long time	Paathu romba naal achu
Will you have Coffee	Kaapi kudikkiringalaa
no, thanks	vendaanga
Thank you	nandri
Good-bye	Naan poittu varaen (literally means I will go and come later)
In reply to Good-bye	Poittu vaango (Go and come)
Good-night	Iravu vannakam
I am leaving	Naan kalambiraen
See you later	Apram paarkalaame
Come again	Maendum Vaango

Next Lesson 2: Time